Washers
What are Washers?
Washers are flat, disc-shaped components placed between fasteners (like nuts or bolts) and surfaces to distribute load, reduce vibration, and prevent damage to connected materials. They are crucial in maintaining joint integrity under load, pressure, or thermal expansion. Washers come in multiple types including plain, spring, wave, and sealing washers, and are made from metals like steel, brass, copper, and alloys.
Asiad Steel Industries manufactures and supplies precision washers that ensure uniform load distribution, prevent surface damage, and enhance fastening reliability across industrial applications.
Key Features
Load
Distribution
Durable
Construction
Easy Installation
& Removal
Wide
Compatibility
Corrosion
Resistant
Specifications
| Specification Category | Parameter / Feature | Details / Options |
|---|---|---|
| Size Range | Standard Sizes | M3 to M100 (custom sizes available) |
| Thickness Range | Washer Thickness | 0.5 mm to 12 mm |
| Types of Washers | Plain Washers | Standard flat washers for load distribution |
| Spring Washers | Helical spring and conical types for locking and anti-vibration applications | |
| Material Options | Stainless Steel | SS 304, SS 304L, SS 316, SS 316L, SS 321 |
| Carbon Steel | Mild Steel, High Tensile Steel | |
| Alloy / Superalloy | Inconel 600/625/825, Hastelloy C22/C276 | |
| Duplex & Super Duplex | Duplex 2205, Super Duplex 2507 | |
| Other Materials | Monel 400/K500, Titanium (Grade 2, Grade 5), Brass, Copper | |
| Standards & Certifications | ASME / ANSI | ASME B18.22.1 (Plain Washers), ASME B27.1 (Spring Lock Washers) |
| ASTM | ASTM F436 (Hardened Steel Washers), ASTM F844 (General Use) | |
| DIN / ISO | DIN 125 (Plain Washers), DIN 127 (Spring Lock Washers), ISO 7089 | |
| Certifications | ISO 9001, PED 2014/68/EU, RoHS, IBR Approved | |
| Design Features | Surface Finish | Bright, Black Oxide, Zinc Plated, Hot-Dip Galvanized |
| Edge Condition | Deburred, Smooth edges, Chamfered | |
| Hardness | As per material grade & standard (Rockwell / Brinell tested) | |
| Coating & Surface Finish | Anti-Corrosion Coating | Rust Preventive Oil, Zinc, Hot-Dip Galvanized |
| Optional Coatings | PTFE, Epoxy, Cadmium Plating | |
| Testing & Inspection | Mechanical Testing | Hardness, Tensile, Shear Testing |
| Dimensional Inspection | OD, ID, Thickness checks with gauges | |
| Non-Destructive Testing | MPI, Ultrasonic, Eddy Current (for critical applications) | |
| Certification | 3.1 / 3.2 Mill Test Certificates available |
Spring Washer Dimensions – DIN 127 / IS 3063
| Nominal Size (Bolt Dia.) | Inner Diameter (ID) (mm) | Outer Diameter (OD) (mm) | Thickness (t) (mm) | Free Height (mm) | Material Options |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M3 | 3.2 | 6.2 | 0.6 | 1.2 | Carbon Steel, SS 304, SS 316 |
| M4 | 4.3 | 7.6 | 0.9 | 1.8 | Alloy Steel, SS |
| M5 | 5.3 | 9.2 | 1.0 | 2.0 | CS, SS |
| M6 | 6.4 | 11.8 | 1.6 | 3.0 | CS, SS 316 |
| M8 | 8.4 | 14.8 | 2.0 | 3.5 | CS, SS, Alloy |
| M10 | 10.5 | 18.0 | 2.5 | 4.0 | CS, SS |
| M12 | 13.0 | 21.0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | CS, SS |
| M16 | 17.0 | 28.0 | 3.5 | 6.5 | CS, SS |
| M20 | 21.0 | 34.0 | 4.0 | 8.0 | Alloy Steel, SS 316 |
| M24 | 25.0 | 39.0 | 5.0 | 10.0 | CS, SS |
| M30 | 31.0 | 50.0 | 6.0 | 12.0 | CS, SS |
Plain Washer Dimensions – DIN 125 / ISO 7089 / IS 2016
| Nominal Size (Bolt Dia.) | Inner Diameter (ID) (mm) | Outer Diameter (OD) (mm) | Thickness (t) (mm) | Material Options |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M3 | 3.2 | 7.0 | 0.5 | Mild Steel, SS, Copper |
| M4 | 4.3 | 9.0 | 0.8 | MS, SS 304 |
| M5 | 5.3 | 10.0 | 1.0 | MS, SS 316 |
| M6 | 6.4 | 12.0 | 1.6 | MS, SS |
| M8 | 8.4 | 16.0 | 1.6–2.0 | CS, SS 304/316 |
| M10 | 10.5 | 20.0 | 2.0 | MS, SS |
| M12 | 13.0 | 24.0 | 2.5 | MS, SS |
| M16 | 17.0 | 30.0 | 3.0 | MS, SS 316 |
| M20 | 21.0 | 37.0 | 3.0–4.0 | MS, SS |
| M24 | 25.0 | 44.0 | 4.0–5.0 | MS, SS |
| M30 | 31.0 | 56.0 | 5.0–6.0 | MS, SS |
| M36 | 37.0 | 66.0 | 6.0 | MS, SS |
| M48 | 49.0 | 85.0 | 8.0 | CS, SS 316 |
Mechanical Properties
| Property | Value | Unit / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 400 – 1000 | MPa (depends on material: MS, SS 304/316, Alloy Steel, High-Tensile) |
| Yield Strength | 240 – 650 | MPa |
| Hardness | 100 – 320 | HB (Brinell) |
| Elongation | ≥ 12 – 25 | % |
| Density | 7.8 – 8.0 | g/cm³ |
| Impact Toughness | ≥ 27 – 70 | J (Charpy, grade-dependent) |
| Modulus of Elasticity (E) | ~200 | GPa |
| Fatigue Strength | 150 – 350 | MPa |
| Corrosion Resistance | Moderate to Excellent | (depends on coating / SS grade) |
| Thermal Conductivity | 15 – 55 | W/m·K |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 11 – 17 ×10⁻⁶ | /°C |
| Yield Ratio (YS/UTS) | 0.55 – 0.65 | – |
| Poisson’s Ratio | 0.27 – 0.30 | – |
| Brinell Hardness Range | 100 – 320 | HB |
| Surface Finish | Zinc plated, Galvanized, Black oxide, SS polished | – |
| Operating Temperature Range | -50 to 400 | °C (material dependent) |
| Standards Covered | DIN, ISO, ASTM, ASME, BS | – |
Chemical Composition
| Element | SS 304 (%) | SS 304L (%) | SS 316 (%) | SS 316L (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chromium (Cr) | 18.0 – 20.0 | 18.0 – 20.0 | 16.0 – 18.0 | 16.0 – 18.0 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 8.0 – 10.5 | 8.0 – 12.0 | 10.0 – 14.0 | 10.0 – 14.0 |
| Carbon (C) | ≤ 0.08 | ≤ 0.03 | ≤ 0.08 | ≤ 0.03 |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 2.00 | ≤ 2.00 |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 1.00 | ≤ 1.00 | ≤ 1.00 | ≤ 1.00 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.045 | ≤ 0.045 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 0.030 |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance | Balance | Balance | Balance |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | — | — | 2.0 – 3.0 | 2.0 – 3.0 |
Applications of Washers
Construction &
Infrastructure
Automotive & Heavy
Equipment
Manufacturing &
Fabrication
Medical & Laboratory
Equipment
Electrical &
Electronics Assembly
Oil, Gas & Petrochemical
Installations
Do you have questions?
What’s the purpose of a spring washer?
Can washers be ordered with custom dimensions?
Which washers are suitable for sealing?
Are your washers compliant with international standards?
